The rapid development in the tourism industry has raised the concern in sustainable developments as well as cultural preservation. As the most popular tourism destination in Indonesia, Bali is also facing the dilemma of tourism development. Since the early 1980s, the development of tourism in Bali has increased the number of tourism facilities such as hotels, restaurants, and resorts. The massive development is needed due to the demand of the high number of tourists that come to Bali. In 2012, three million tourists come to Bali, and it was almost half the number of total eight million tourists who come to Indonesia at the same year (Parker, 2013). Tourism in Indonesia has a significant role especially in terms of providing jobs and enhancing economics conditions.

The development in the tourism industry affects has good effects as well as bad ones. What makes Bali different to others, is the richness of culture that was built upon their religious society, since Bali is dominated by the traditional Hinduism culture and belief. Therefore, the tourism development in Bali should be able to consider the rich culture as well as the local wisdom of Balinese that is embedded in their everyday life. Furthermore, “Tri Hita Karana” is a well-known traditional philosophy for life that is used by Balinese in many aspects including agriculture, human interactions, irrigation systems as well as architecture. The concept of “Tri Hita Karana” is derived from Balinese spiritualism beliefs which include the three tied harmonious relationships: among people, environment, and God (Suwetha, 2015).

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